2022
Ladi, Tahmineh; Mahmoudpour, Asrin; Sharifi, Ayyoob
Assessing environmental impacts of transportation sector by integrating DPSIR framework and X-Matrix Journal Article
In: Case Studies on Transport Policy, vol. 10, iss. 1, pp. 434-443, 2022, ISSN: 2213-624X.
@article{Ladi2022b,
title = {Assessing environmental impacts of transportation sector by integrating DPSIR framework and X-Matrix},
author = {Tahmineh Ladi and Asrin Mahmoudpour and Ayyoob Sharifi},
url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213624X22000049},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cstp.2022.01.004},
issn = {2213-624X},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-01-01},
journal = {Case Studies on Transport Policy},
volume = {10},
issue = {1},
pages = {434-443},
abstract = {This paper aims to examine interactions between transportation sector and the environment in Tehran and provide recommendations to achieve a sustainable transportation system. Integrated Driving forces- Pressure-State-Impact-Response (DPSIR) framework with X-Matrix is used as a methodology to achieve the research aim. The DPSIR framework is used for describing the cause-and-effect relationship between environmental impacts of transportation sector, and the X-Matrix to reveal the correlations between factors related to environmental impacts of transportation in the form of DPSIR framework and quantify causal relationships and dynamics between them. The results show that while indicators of ‘Driving forces’ and ‘Pressures’ categories have strong correlations, the correlations between indicators of Pressures-States and States-Impacts seem to be rather medium and weak. Urbanization rate, population growth rate, transportation GDP per capita and illiteracy rate are main driving forces that put pressures on the environment. The paper concludes by recommendations to mitigate environmental impacts of the transportation sector.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
This paper aims to examine interactions between transportation sector and the environment in Tehran and provide recommendations to achieve a sustainable transportation system. Integrated Driving forces- Pressure-State-Impact-Response (DPSIR) framework with X-Matrix is used as a methodology to achieve the research aim. The DPSIR framework is used for describing the cause-and-effect relationship between environmental impacts of transportation sector, and the X-Matrix to reveal the correlations between factors related to environmental impacts of transportation in the form of DPSIR framework and quantify causal relationships and dynamics between them. The results show that while indicators of ‘Driving forces’ and ‘Pressures’ categories have strong correlations, the correlations between indicators of Pressures-States and States-Impacts seem to be rather medium and weak. Urbanization rate, population growth rate, transportation GDP per capita and illiteracy rate are main driving forces that put pressures on the environment. The paper concludes by recommendations to mitigate environmental impacts of the transportation sector.
Oshiro, Kyoichi; Wakizaka, Yoshikazu; Takano, Masayo; Itoi, Takayuki; Ohge, Hiroki; Koba, Kazumi; Yarimizu, Kyoko; Fujiyoshi, So; Maruyama, Fumito
Fabrication of a new all-in-one microfluidic dielectrophoresis integrated chip and living cell separation Journal Article
In: iScience, vol. 25, iss. 2, pp. 103776, 2022, ISSN: 2589-0042.
@article{Oshiro2022,
title = {Fabrication of a new all-in-one microfluidic dielectrophoresis integrated chip and living cell separation},
author = {Kyoichi Oshiro and Yoshikazu Wakizaka and Masayo Takano and Takayuki Itoi and Hiroki Ohge and Kazumi Koba and Kyoko Yarimizu and So Fujiyoshi and Fumito Maruyama},
url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2589004222000463},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2022.103776},
issn = {2589-0042},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-01-01},
journal = {iScience},
volume = {25},
issue = {2},
pages = {103776},
abstract = {Summary Microfluidic dielectrophoresis (DEP) technology has been applied to many devices to perform label-free target cell separation. Cells separated by these devices are used in laboratories, mainly for medical research. The present study designed a microfluidic DEP device to fabricate a rapid and semiautomated cell separation system in conjunction with microscopy to enumerate the separated cells. With this device, we efficiently segregated bacterial cells from liquid products and enriched one cell type from two mixed eukaryotic cell types. The device eliminated sample pretreatment and established cell separation by all-in-one operation in a lab-on-chip, requiring only a small sample volume (0.5–1 mL) to enumerate the target cells and completing the entire separation process within 30 min. Such a rapid cell separation technique is in high demand by many researchers to promptly characterize the target cells.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Summary Microfluidic dielectrophoresis (DEP) technology has been applied to many devices to perform label-free target cell separation. Cells separated by these devices are used in laboratories, mainly for medical research. The present study designed a microfluidic DEP device to fabricate a rapid and semiautomated cell separation system in conjunction with microscopy to enumerate the separated cells. With this device, we efficiently segregated bacterial cells from liquid products and enriched one cell type from two mixed eukaryotic cell types. The device eliminated sample pretreatment and established cell separation by all-in-one operation in a lab-on-chip, requiring only a small sample volume (0.5–1 mL) to enumerate the target cells and completing the entire separation process within 30 min. Such a rapid cell separation technique is in high demand by many researchers to promptly characterize the target cells.
Allam, Zaheer; Sharifi, Ayyoob
Research Structure and Trends of Smart Urban Mobility Journal Article
In: Smart Cities, vol. 5, iss. 2, 2022, ISBN: 2624-6511.
@article{Allam2022b,
title = {Research Structure and Trends of Smart Urban Mobility},
author = {Zaheer Allam and Ayyoob Sharifi},
doi = {10.3390/smartcities5020029},
isbn = {2624-6511},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-01-01},
urldate = {2022-01-01},
journal = {Smart Cities},
volume = {5},
issue = {2},
abstract = {Mobility is a subject of increasing importance in a time when cities have gained prominence, as they are home to over 56% of the world’s population and generate over 80% of global GDP. Urban planning principles have traditionally been developed to promote urban efficiency and enhance productivity. The emergence of ‘Smart Mobility’ has provided researchers and policy practitioners new ways to understand and plan cities. With rapid urbanization growth and the sustained mobility challenges faced in most global cities, this paper sets forth to understand and map the evolution of the concept of ‘Smart Urban Mobility’ through a bibliometric analysis and science mapping techniques using VOSviewer. In total, 6079 articles were retrieved from the Web of Science database over 5 decades, from 1968 to 2021, and divided into four sub-periods, namely 1968 to 2010, 2011 to 2015, 2016 to 2019, and 2020 to 2021. The paper provides a better understanding of the thematic focus and associated trends of smart mobility beyond technical issues related to Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS), where due to diverse dynamics, such as unprecedented growth and advancement in technologies, attention has extended to incorporating the impacts of the application of different technologies in urban mobility as well as associated fields. This paper further identifies major sources, authors, publications, and countries that have made more contributions to the development of this field. The findings of this study can help researchers better understand the evolution of the subject, and help policymakers make better-informed decisions on investable infrastructures for better mobility outcomes in urban regeneration pursuits and future cities.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Mobility is a subject of increasing importance in a time when cities have gained prominence, as they are home to over 56% of the world’s population and generate over 80% of global GDP. Urban planning principles have traditionally been developed to promote urban efficiency and enhance productivity. The emergence of ‘Smart Mobility’ has provided researchers and policy practitioners new ways to understand and plan cities. With rapid urbanization growth and the sustained mobility challenges faced in most global cities, this paper sets forth to understand and map the evolution of the concept of ‘Smart Urban Mobility’ through a bibliometric analysis and science mapping techniques using VOSviewer. In total, 6079 articles were retrieved from the Web of Science database over 5 decades, from 1968 to 2021, and divided into four sub-periods, namely 1968 to 2010, 2011 to 2015, 2016 to 2019, and 2020 to 2021. The paper provides a better understanding of the thematic focus and associated trends of smart mobility beyond technical issues related to Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS), where due to diverse dynamics, such as unprecedented growth and advancement in technologies, attention has extended to incorporating the impacts of the application of different technologies in urban mobility as well as associated fields. This paper further identifies major sources, authors, publications, and countries that have made more contributions to the development of this field. The findings of this study can help researchers better understand the evolution of the subject, and help policymakers make better-informed decisions on investable infrastructures for better mobility outcomes in urban regeneration pursuits and future cities.
Acuña, Jacquelinne J; Ruiz-Gil, Tay; Marileo, Luis; Carrazana, Elizabeth; Rilling, Joaquin; Campos, Marco; Correa-Araneda, Francisco; Fujiyoshi, So; Jorquera, Milko A
Airborne bacterial community associated with fine particulate matter (PM2.5) under different air quality indices in Temuco city, southern Chile Journal Article
In: Archives of Microbiology, vol. 204, iss. 2, pp. 148, 2022, ISSN: 1432-072X.
@article{nokey,
title = {Airborne bacterial community associated with fine particulate matter (PM2.5) under different air quality indices in Temuco city, southern Chile},
author = {Jacquelinne J Acuña and Tay Ruiz-Gil and Luis Marileo and Elizabeth Carrazana and Joaquin Rilling and Marco Campos and Francisco Correa-Araneda and So Fujiyoshi and Milko A Jorquera},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s00203-021-02740-6},
doi = {10.1007/s00203-021-02740-6},
issn = {1432-072X},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-01-01},
journal = {Archives of Microbiology},
volume = {204},
issue = {2},
pages = {148},
abstract = {Temuco (Chile) is one of the most polluted cities in Chile and Latin America. Although the fine fraction of particulate matter (PM2.5) has been extensively studied and monitored due to its negative impact on public health, its microbiological components remain unknown. We explored, the airborne bacterial community in PM2.5 under good, moderate, alert, pre-emergency and emergency indices of air quality (AQIs) established by the Chilean government. Bacterial community relationship with environmental factors (PM2.5, PM10, carbon monoxide, among others), was also evaluated. Significant differences in PM2.5 bacterial community composition associated with AQIs were revealed, using 16S rRNA target sequences of denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) bands. Bacterial communities in PM2.5 were mainly clustered (80%) into emergency and pre-emergency samples. The dominant phylum was Proteobacteria and most abundant genus was Novosphingobium, traditionally related to opportunistic respiratory diseases. The main factors associated with community structure were PM2.5, PM10 and carbon monoxide concentrations. This study exposed that bacterial community composition in Temuco varies according to AQIs, with the occurrence of potential opportunistic bacteria on heavily polluted days.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Temuco (Chile) is one of the most polluted cities in Chile and Latin America. Although the fine fraction of particulate matter (PM2.5) has been extensively studied and monitored due to its negative impact on public health, its microbiological components remain unknown. We explored, the airborne bacterial community in PM2.5 under good, moderate, alert, pre-emergency and emergency indices of air quality (AQIs) established by the Chilean government. Bacterial community relationship with environmental factors (PM2.5, PM10, carbon monoxide, among others), was also evaluated. Significant differences in PM2.5 bacterial community composition associated with AQIs were revealed, using 16S rRNA target sequences of denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) bands. Bacterial communities in PM2.5 were mainly clustered (80%) into emergency and pre-emergency samples. The dominant phylum was Proteobacteria and most abundant genus was Novosphingobium, traditionally related to opportunistic respiratory diseases. The main factors associated with community structure were PM2.5, PM10 and carbon monoxide concentrations. This study exposed that bacterial community composition in Temuco varies according to AQIs, with the occurrence of potential opportunistic bacteria on heavily polluted days.
Moradpour, Nabi; Pourahmad, Ahmad; Hataminejad, Hossein; Ziari, Keramatollah; Sharifi, Ayyoob
An overview of the state of urban resilience in Iran Journal Article
In: International Journal of Disaster Resilience in the Built Environment, vol. ahead-of-p, iss. ahead-of-print, 2022, ISSN: 1759-5908.
@article{Moradpour2022,
title = {An overview of the state of urban resilience in Iran},
author = {Nabi Moradpour and Ahmad Pourahmad and Hossein Hataminejad and Keramatollah Ziari and Ayyoob Sharifi},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1108/IJDRBE-01-2022-0001},
doi = {10.1108/IJDRBE-01-2022-0001},
issn = {1759-5908},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-01-01},
journal = {International Journal of Disaster Resilience in the Built Environment},
volume = {ahead-of-p},
issue = {ahead-of-print},
publisher = {Emerald Publishing Limited},
abstract = {Purpose In Iran, the frequent occurrence of disasters has always been a major problem. In recent decades, disasters have created considerable challenges, especially in cities. Hence, understanding the levels of urban resilience (UR) and planning for addressing vulnerabilities plays a key role in the era of increasing risks and uncertainties. The present study aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the state of resilience of Iranian cities. Design/methodology/approach A systematic literature review method was used to determine how resilient Iranian cities are. To find relevant studies, the authors searched Iranian and international databases such as Scopus, ScienceDirect, SID and Magiran. There was no restriction on the inclusion date, meaning that all papers published up until September 16, 2021 were considered for inclusion. The PRISMA framework was used for literature search and selection and, finally, 153 studies focused on 52 cities of Iran were selected for the systematic review. Findings In general, the results showed that the level of resilience was low in Iranian cities. Also, informal settlements, worn-out urban fabrics and the central parts of cities showed lower resilience than other parts. Originality/value The results of the study can be used to inform municipal authorities, urban planners and non-governmental organizations of the actions that need to be taken to enhance the resilience of Iranian cities.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Purpose In Iran, the frequent occurrence of disasters has always been a major problem. In recent decades, disasters have created considerable challenges, especially in cities. Hence, understanding the levels of urban resilience (UR) and planning for addressing vulnerabilities plays a key role in the era of increasing risks and uncertainties. The present study aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the state of resilience of Iranian cities. Design/methodology/approach A systematic literature review method was used to determine how resilient Iranian cities are. To find relevant studies, the authors searched Iranian and international databases such as Scopus, ScienceDirect, SID and Magiran. There was no restriction on the inclusion date, meaning that all papers published up until September 16, 2021 were considered for inclusion. The PRISMA framework was used for literature search and selection and, finally, 153 studies focused on 52 cities of Iran were selected for the systematic review. Findings In general, the results showed that the level of resilience was low in Iranian cities. Also, informal settlements, worn-out urban fabrics and the central parts of cities showed lower resilience than other parts. Originality/value The results of the study can be used to inform municipal authorities, urban planners and non-governmental organizations of the actions that need to be taken to enhance the resilience of Iranian cities.
Nakamura, Ayane; Nakatani, Nobutake; Maruyama, Fumito; Fujiyoshi, So; Márquez-Reyes, Rodrigo; Fernández, Ricardo; Noda, Jun
Characteristics of PM2.5 Pollution in Osorno, Chile: Ion Chromatography and Meteorological Data Analyses Miscellaneous
2022, ISBN: 2073-4433.
@misc{Nakamura2022,
title = {Characteristics of PM2.5 Pollution in Osorno, Chile: Ion Chromatography and Meteorological Data Analyses},
author = {Ayane Nakamura and Nobutake Nakatani and Fumito Maruyama and So Fujiyoshi and Rodrigo Márquez-Reyes and Ricardo Fernández and Jun Noda},
doi = {10.3390/atmos13020168},
isbn = {2073-4433},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-01-01},
journal = {Atmosphere},
volume = {13},
issue = {2},
abstract = {Over the decades, air pollution has become a serious problem in Osorno, Chile. This study aims to clarify the source of PM2.5 by comprehensively analyzing its chemical composition and comparing it with meteorological conditions. The PM2.5 and filter samples were collected during April 2019-August 2019 using a continuous particulate monitor. The analyses were conducted using Image J software, ion chromatography, and backward trajectory. The ion composition and the PM2.5 were compared. The results on the PM2.5 and potassium (K+) concentrations indicated a correlation factor of 0.93, indicating that biomass combustion, such as wood burning, is the dominant source of PM2.5 in Osorno. High PM2.5 concentrations of over 170 to 1124 µg/m3 were observed in low temperature, low precipitation, and low wind speed periods—meteorological conditions contributed to the development of a thermal inversion layer. In addition, correlations of 0.61 to 0.67 were found among the detected ions that are often found in seawater. The backward trajectory analyses showed dominant air mass transport from the South Pacific Ocean, suggesting that part of the detected PM2.5 was derived from the marine environment. Continuous monitoring and mitigation strategies focusing on wood combustion activities are necessary to alleviate the current air pollution problem in Osorno city.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {misc}
}
Over the decades, air pollution has become a serious problem in Osorno, Chile. This study aims to clarify the source of PM2.5 by comprehensively analyzing its chemical composition and comparing it with meteorological conditions. The PM2.5 and filter samples were collected during April 2019–August 2019 using a continuous particulate monitor. The analyses were conducted using Image J software, ion chromatography, and backward trajectory. The ion composition and the PM2.5 were compared. The results on the PM2.5 and potassium (K+) concentrations indicated a correlation factor of 0.93, indicating that biomass combustion, such as wood burning, is the dominant source of PM2.5 in Osorno. High PM2.5 concentrations of over 170 to 1124 µg/m3 were observed in low temperature, low precipitation, and low wind speed periods—meteorological conditions contributed to the development of a thermal inversion layer. In addition, correlations of 0.61 to 0.67 were found among the detected ions that are often found in seawater. The backward trajectory analyses showed dominant air mass transport from the South Pacific Ocean, suggesting that part of the detected PM2.5 was derived from the marine environment. Continuous monitoring and mitigation strategies focusing on wood combustion activities are necessary to alleviate the current air pollution problem in Osorno city.
Filho, Walter Leal; Eustachio, João Henrique Paulino Pires; Dinis, Maria Alzira Pimenta; Sharifi, Ayyoob; Venkatesan, Madhavi; Donkor, Felix Kwabena; Doni, Federica; Abubakar, Ismaila Rimi; Cichos, Katarzyna; Vargas-Hernández, Jose
Transient poverty in a sustainable development context Journal Article
In: International Journal of Sustainable Development & World Ecology, vol. 29, iss. 5, pp. 415-428, 2022, ISSN: 1350-4509, (doi: 10.1080/13504509.2022.2029612).
@article{nokey,
title = {Transient poverty in a sustainable development context},
author = {Walter Leal Filho and João Henrique Paulino Pires Eustachio and Maria Alzira Pimenta Dinis and Ayyoob Sharifi and Madhavi Venkatesan and Felix Kwabena Donkor and Federica Doni and Ismaila Rimi Abubakar and Katarzyna Cichos and Jose Vargas-Hernández},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1080/13504509.2022.2029612},
doi = {10.1080/13504509.2022.2029612},
issn = {1350-4509},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-01-01},
journal = {International Journal of Sustainable Development & World Ecology},
volume = {29},
issue = {5},
pages = {415-428},
publisher = {Taylor & Francis},
note = {doi: 10.1080/13504509.2022.2029612},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Amirzadeh, Melika; Sobhaninia, Saeideh; Sharifi, Ayyoob
Urban resilience: A vague or an evolutionary concept? Journal Article
In: Sustainable Cities and Society, vol. 81, pp. 103853, 2022, ISSN: 2210-6707.
@article{Amirzadeh2022b,
title = {Urban resilience: A vague or an evolutionary concept?},
author = {Melika Amirzadeh and Saeideh Sobhaninia and Ayyoob Sharifi},
url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2210670722001809},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2022.103853},
issn = {2210-6707},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-01-01},
journal = {Sustainable Cities and Society},
volume = {81},
pages = {103853},
abstract = {Considering the rapid urbanization trends in many parts of the world and the increasing consequences of climate change, more and more cities are at risk of natural disasters and other environmental, socio-economic, and political disruptions. To address these issues, resilience thinking has attracted the attention of a wide range of stakeholders. However, despite considerable attention to this concept and its frequent usage, resilience remains ambiguous with diverse interpretations in policy discussions and academic debates about cities. Since such vague interpretations would lead to difficulties in theory and practice, the present study aims to clarify some of these concepts by providing a comprehensive review focused on resilience features and comparing different perspectives regarding urban resilience. The study results showed that the main reason behind such ambiguities is that resilience has undergone fundamental changes since its inception, and recent approaches to resilience are generally based on the non-equilibrium model of resilience. There are three main dimensions, including systems, agents, and institutions, as well as three main approaches to urban resilience, including recovery, adaptation, and transformation. This study's conceptual framework of urban resilience provides scholars and policymakers with a more transparent and comprehensive picture of urban resilience and helps them make better-informed decisions.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Considering the rapid urbanization trends in many parts of the world and the increasing consequences of climate change, more and more cities are at risk of natural disasters and other environmental, socio-economic, and political disruptions. To address these issues, resilience thinking has attracted the attention of a wide range of stakeholders. However, despite considerable attention to this concept and its frequent usage, resilience remains ambiguous with diverse interpretations in policy discussions and academic debates about cities. Since such vague interpretations would lead to difficulties in theory and practice, the present study aims to clarify some of these concepts by providing a comprehensive review focused on resilience features and comparing different perspectives regarding urban resilience. The study results showed that the main reason behind such ambiguities is that resilience has undergone fundamental changes since its inception, and recent approaches to resilience are generally based on the non-equilibrium model of resilience. There are three main dimensions, including systems, agents, and institutions, as well as three main approaches to urban resilience, including recovery, adaptation, and transformation. This study's conceptual framework of urban resilience provides scholars and policymakers with a more transparent and comprehensive picture of urban resilience and helps them make better-informed decisions.
Filho, Walter Leal; Hickmann, Thomas; Nagy, Gustavo J; Pinho, Patricia; Sharifi, Ayyoob; Minhas, Aprajita; Islam, M Rezaul; Djalanti, Riyanti; Vinuesa, Antonio García; Abubakar, Ismaila Rimi
In: Frontiers in Environmental Science, vol. 10, 2022, ISBN: 2296-665X.
@article{Filho2022b,
title = {The Influence of the Corona Virus Pandemic on Sustainable Development Goal 13 and United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change Processes},
author = {Walter Leal Filho and Thomas Hickmann and Gustavo J Nagy and Patricia Pinho and Ayyoob Sharifi and Aprajita Minhas and M Rezaul Islam and Riyanti Djalanti and Antonio García Vinuesa and Ismaila Rimi Abubakar},
url = {https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fenvs.2022.784466},
isbn = {2296-665X},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-01-01},
urldate = {2022-01-01},
journal = {Frontiers in Environmental Science},
volume = {10},
abstract = {Apart from many social and economic problems worldwide, the COVID-19 pandemic has also led to sudden halt in face-to-face climate-related meetings. Moreover, it has also negatively influenced the works related to the preparations for the sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and organizing the 26th Conference of the Parties of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), namely COP26 to be held in Glasgow, which was postponed to November 2021. This article presents a global study undertaken among UNFCCC contact points and other climate experts, to ascertain the impacts of the pandemic on the implementation of SDG13 and UNFCCC processes. The methodological approach entails an bibliometric analysis, online survey, and authors’ expert judgment. Results of the bibliometric analysis show that the most common terms associated with this theme are COVID-19, climate change, CO_{2}, energy, “pandemic-related,” and “adaptation-related.” In addition, the survey revealed some difficulties associated with online participation in the processes from many developing countries. The study concluded that there is negative impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the UNFCCC process, more minor government priorities regarding climate action, loss of traction of the process, and a challenge to achieve the Paris Agreement, with less significant support from the respondents from less developed countries. The findings suggest that urgent action is needed, to make up for the lost time, and place climate issues more prominently on the global agenda.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Apart from many social and economic problems worldwide, the COVID-19 pandemic has also led to sudden halt in face-to-face climate-related meetings. Moreover, it has also negatively influenced the works related to the preparations for the sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and organizing the 26th Conference of the Parties of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), namely COP26 to be held in Glasgow, which was postponed to November 2021. This article presents a global study undertaken among UNFCCC contact points and other climate experts, to ascertain the impacts of the pandemic on the implementation of SDG13 and UNFCCC processes. The methodological approach entails an bibliometric analysis, online survey, and authors’ expert judgment. Results of the bibliometric analysis show that the most common terms associated with this theme are COVID-19, climate change, CO2, energy, “pandemic-related,” and “adaptation-related.” In addition, the survey revealed some difficulties associated with online participation in the processes from many developing countries. The study concluded that there is negative impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the UNFCCC process, more minor government priorities regarding climate action, loss of traction of the process, and a challenge to achieve the Paris Agreement, with less significant support from the respondents from less developed countries. The findings suggest that urgent action is needed, to make up for the lost time, and place climate issues more prominently on the global agenda.
Allam, Zaheer; Sharifi, Ayyoob; Bibri, Simon E; Chabaud, Didier
Emerging Trends and Knowledge Structures of Smart Urban Governance Journal Article
In: Sustainability, vol. 14, iss. 9, 2022, ISBN: 2071-1050.
@article{Allam2022c,
title = {Emerging Trends and Knowledge Structures of Smart Urban Governance},
author = {Zaheer Allam and Ayyoob Sharifi and Simon E Bibri and Didier Chabaud},
doi = {10.3390/su14095275},
isbn = {2071-1050},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-01-01},
urldate = {2022-01-01},
journal = {Sustainability},
volume = {14},
issue = {9},
abstract = {The concept of smart cities peaked in 2015, bringing an increased influx of ‘smart’ devices in the form of the Internet of Things (IoT) and sensors in cities. As a result, interest in smart urban governance has become more prevalent in administrative, organisational, and political circles. This is sustained by both local and global demands for an increased contribution to the goals of sustainability through urban governance processes in response to climate change urgencies. Cities generate up to 70% of global emissions, and in light of societal pressures for more inclusivity and democratic processes, the need for sound urban governance is merited. Further knowledge on the theme of smart urban governance is required to better understand the trends and knowledge structures and better assist policy design. Therefore, this study was undertaken to understand and map the evolution of the concept of smart urban governance through a bibliometric analysis and science mapping techniques using VOSviewer. In total, 1897 articles were retrieved from the Web of Science database over 5 decades, from 1968 to 2021, and divided into three subperiods, namely 1978 to 2015, 2016 to 2019, and 2020 to early 2022. Results indicate that the overall emerging themes across the three periods highlight the need for citizen participation in urban policies, especially in relation to smart cities, and for sustained innovation for e-participation, e-governance, and policy frameworks. The results of this study can aid both researchers exploring the concept of urban governance and policy makers rendering more inclusive urban policies, especially those hosting technological and digital domains.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
The concept of smart cities peaked in 2015, bringing an increased influx of ‘smart’ devices in the form of the Internet of Things (IoT) and sensors in cities. As a result, interest in smart urban governance has become more prevalent in administrative, organisational, and political circles. This is sustained by both local and global demands for an increased contribution to the goals of sustainability through urban governance processes in response to climate change urgencies. Cities generate up to 70% of global emissions, and in light of societal pressures for more inclusivity and democratic processes, the need for sound urban governance is merited. Further knowledge on the theme of smart urban governance is required to better understand the trends and knowledge structures and better assist policy design. Therefore, this study was undertaken to understand and map the evolution of the concept of smart urban governance through a bibliometric analysis and science mapping techniques using VOSviewer. In total, 1897 articles were retrieved from the Web of Science database over 5 decades, from 1968 to 2021, and divided into three subperiods, namely 1978 to 2015, 2016 to 2019, and 2020 to early 2022. Results indicate that the overall emerging themes across the three periods highlight the need for citizen participation in urban policies, especially in relation to smart cities, and for sustained innovation for e-participation, e-governance, and policy frameworks. The results of this study can aid both researchers exploring the concept of urban governance and policy makers rendering more inclusive urban policies, especially those hosting technological and digital domains.
Chreng, K; Lee, H S; Pradana, R P; Trong, T Q; Putra, I D G Arya; Nimiya, H
Imputation of missing values for generating typical meteorological year (TMY) with data decomposition and recurrent neural networks Journal Article
In: IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, vol. 1007, iss. 1, pp. 12020, 2022, ISSN: 1755-1307.
@article{Chreng2022b,
title = {Imputation of missing values for generating typical meteorological year (TMY) with data decomposition and recurrent neural networks},
author = {K Chreng and H S Lee and R P Pradana and T Q Trong and I D G Arya Putra and H Nimiya},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1007/1/012020},
doi = {10.1088/1755-1315/1007/1/012020},
issn = {1755-1307},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-01-01},
journal = {IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science},
volume = {1007},
issue = {1},
pages = {12020},
publisher = {IOP Publishing},
abstract = {Typical meteorological year (TMY) for a specific location is critical information when designing low-carbon and energy-saving buildings. However, in developing countries, long-term observations of weather are now readily available and even mixed with missing values. In this study, a nonlinear autoregressive (NAR) recurrent neural network model in combination with improved complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition with adaptive noise (ICEEMDAN) method is demonstrated for treating the missing values in observed daily average air temperature at Bogor City in Indonesia. The prediction results for missing values indicate that the ICEEMDAN-NAR hybrid model performs very well with high accuracy when compared with the observed in the validation and model comparison phases. Particularly, the relatively lower frequency oscillation modes in observed data can be predicted well. Thus, this method can be used for relatively medium- and long-term prediction of missing values with respect to the given data/input period. critical to consider cities and buildings from the eyes of older people in society.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Typical meteorological year (TMY) for a specific location is critical information when designing low-carbon and energy-saving buildings. However, in developing countries, long-term observations of weather are now readily available and even mixed with missing values. In this study, a nonlinear autoregressive (NAR) recurrent neural network model in combination with improved complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition with adaptive noise (ICEEMDAN) method is demonstrated for treating the missing values in observed daily average air temperature at Bogor City in Indonesia. The prediction results for missing values indicate that the ICEEMDAN-NAR hybrid model performs very well with high accuracy when compared with the observed in the validation and model comparison phases. Particularly, the relatively lower frequency oscillation modes in observed data can be predicted well. Thus, this method can be used for relatively medium- and long-term prediction of missing values with respect to the given data/input period. critical to consider cities and buildings from the eyes of older people in society.
Jeong, Jae-Soon; Woo, Seung-Buhm; Lee, Han S; Gu, Bon-Ho; Kim, Jong W; Song, Jin I
Baroclinic Effect on Inner-Port Circulation in a Macro-Tidal Estuary: A Case Study of Incheon North Port, Korea Journal Article
In: Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, vol. 10, iss. 3, 2022, ISBN: 2077-1312.
@article{Jeong2022,
title = {Baroclinic Effect on Inner-Port Circulation in a Macro-Tidal Estuary: A Case Study of Incheon North Port, Korea},
author = {Jae-Soon Jeong and Seung-Buhm Woo and Han S Lee and Bon-Ho Gu and Jong W Kim and Jin I Song},
doi = {10.3390/jmse10030392},
isbn = {2077-1312},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-01-01},
urldate = {2022-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Marine Science and Engineering},
volume = {10},
issue = {3},
abstract = {This study investigated the flow patterns and affecting factors in the North Port of Incheon, South Korea, to understand the inner-port circulation characteristics by applying an unstructured grid finite volume community ocean model (FVCOM) together with a field survey. The FVCOM considered the tide, river discharge, surface winds, and atmospheric pressure with the highest resolution of 50 m around the port. The model results were validated with current velocity and salinity observations. In the main channel, the difference in salinity between the sea surface and bottom increased during the neap tide due to weakened tidal currents, thus strengthening the stratification. However, at the inner port, strong stratification was observed during spring tide as the near-surface freshwater from upstream of the estuary moved relatively farther south of the port than that during the neap tide. Freshwater flowed into the port during the flood current and was trapped in the semi-closed geometry of the inner port. The horizontal salinity gradient between the trapped fresher water in the port and saltier water in the main channel increased during the flood current. As a result, density-driven circulations associated with near-bed currents towards the port were maintained for more than 3 h after high tide. This result implies that the baroclinic effect, mainly due to the salinity gradient in the North Port, could significantly affect residual circulation at the inner harbor in a macro-tidal environment and the mass transport mechanism, such as sediment transport. In general, such enhanced baroclinic effects due to salinity and tides are not limited to the North Port and can have greater effects on inner-port circulation in other macro-tidal harbors that suffer from severe sedimentation problems.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
This study investigated the flow patterns and affecting factors in the North Port of Incheon, South Korea, to understand the inner-port circulation characteristics by applying an unstructured grid finite volume community ocean model (FVCOM) together with a field survey. The FVCOM considered the tide, river discharge, surface winds, and atmospheric pressure with the highest resolution of 50 m around the port. The model results were validated with current velocity and salinity observations. In the main channel, the difference in salinity between the sea surface and bottom increased during the neap tide due to weakened tidal currents, thus strengthening the stratification. However, at the inner port, strong stratification was observed during spring tide as the near-surface freshwater from upstream of the estuary moved relatively farther south of the port than that during the neap tide. Freshwater flowed into the port during the flood current and was trapped in the semi-closed geometry of the inner port. The horizontal salinity gradient between the trapped fresher water in the port and saltier water in the main channel increased during the flood current. As a result, density-driven circulations associated with near-bed currents towards the port were maintained for more than 3 h after high tide. This result implies that the baroclinic effect, mainly due to the salinity gradient in the North Port, could significantly affect residual circulation at the inner harbor in a macro-tidal environment and the mass transport mechanism, such as sediment transport. In general, such enhanced baroclinic effects due to salinity and tides are not limited to the North Port and can have greater effects on inner-port circulation in other macro-tidal harbors that suffer from severe sedimentation problems.
Bari, M D Abdul; Khan, Ghulam Dastgir; He, Bing; Yoshida, Yuichiro
In: PLOS ONE, vol. 17, iss. 1, pp. e0262031-, 2022.
@article{Bari2022,
title = {The impact of unconditional cash and food assistance on contraceptive expenditure of rural households in Coastal Bangladesh: Evidence from fuzzy RDD},
author = {M D Abdul Bari and Ghulam Dastgir Khan and Bing He and Yuichiro Yoshida},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0262031},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-01-01},
journal = {PLOS ONE},
volume = {17},
issue = {1},
pages = {e0262031-},
publisher = {Public Library of Science},
abstract = {This study investigates the impact of unconditional cash and food (UCF) assistance on the monthly contraceptive expenditure of rural households in coastal Bangladesh using a fuzzy regression discontinuity design (RDD). Eligibility for UCF assistance was based on the running variable of land ownership in acres. We used eligibility as an instrumental variable to estimate the local average treatment effect of UCF assistance on contraceptive expenditures. The results show that UCF assistance results in increases in monthly contraceptive expenditures.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
This study investigates the impact of unconditional cash and food (UCF) assistance on the monthly contraceptive expenditure of rural households in coastal Bangladesh using a fuzzy regression discontinuity design (RDD). Eligibility for UCF assistance was based on the running variable of land ownership in acres. We used eligibility as an instrumental variable to estimate the local average treatment effect of UCF assistance on contraceptive expenditures. The results show that UCF assistance results in increases in monthly contraceptive expenditures.
Cao, Lei; Kusakabe, Tatsuya
A comparative study on the supply of applied human resources for regional labour market needs in China’s private higher education Journal Article
In: Industry and Higher Education, pp. 09504222221081670, 2022, ISSN: 0950-4222.
@article{Cao2022,
title = {A comparative study on the supply of applied human resources for regional labour market needs in China’s private higher education},
author = {Lei Cao and Tatsuya Kusakabe},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1177/09504222221081670},
doi = {10.1177/09504222221081670},
issn = {0950-4222},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-01-01},
journal = {Industry and Higher Education},
pages = {09504222221081670},
publisher = {SAGE Publications Ltd},
abstract = {The purpose of this study is to explore changing trends of the applied human resource (AHR) system in China?s private higher education institutions (PHEIs) and to examine the supply of AHRs by considering the dimensions of regional labour demand. The study specifically assesses the AHR demand of regional employment enterprises and the human resource development goals and related curricula in the three branches of PHEIs. It also analyses the employment situation of PHEI graduates and whether they address the actual AHR supply needs of the regional labour market. Six PHEIs and nine enterprises as employers were investigated as the study population, combining qualitative and quantitative data. The findings indicate that China?s PHEIs quickly identified and overcame the challenges in their previous student cultivation goals and relevant curricula by researching the regional situation and taking responsibility for meeting demand. As a result, the PHEIs worked on developing transformative human resource systems through various initiatives. Moreover, these transformations of educational content worked in conjunction with a process that matched the graduates with jobs at regional enterprises. The transformed PHEIs are beginning to provide a human resource supply system that successfully expands the AHR supply from the various categories of PHEIs in the region.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
The purpose of this study is to explore changing trends of the applied human resource (AHR) system in China?s private higher education institutions (PHEIs) and to examine the supply of AHRs by considering the dimensions of regional labour demand. The study specifically assesses the AHR demand of regional employment enterprises and the human resource development goals and related curricula in the three branches of PHEIs. It also analyses the employment situation of PHEI graduates and whether they address the actual AHR supply needs of the regional labour market. Six PHEIs and nine enterprises as employers were investigated as the study population, combining qualitative and quantitative data. The findings indicate that China?s PHEIs quickly identified and overcame the challenges in their previous student cultivation goals and relevant curricula by researching the regional situation and taking responsibility for meeting demand. As a result, the PHEIs worked on developing transformative human resource systems through various initiatives. Moreover, these transformations of educational content worked in conjunction with a process that matched the graduates with jobs at regional enterprises. The transformed PHEIs are beginning to provide a human resource supply system that successfully expands the AHR supply from the various categories of PHEIs in the region.
Yoshida, Kazuhiro
In: Kayashima, Nobuko; Kuroda, Kazuo; Kitamura, Yuto (Ed.): pp. 49-72, Springer Singapore, 2022, ISBN: 978-981-16-6815-9.
@inbook{Yoshida2022c,
title = {The Evolution of Japan’s International Education Cooperation Policy After 1990: Between the Discourse of International Development and Domestic Factors},
author = {Kazuhiro Yoshida},
editor = {Nobuko Kayashima and Kazuo Kuroda and Yuto Kitamura},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-6815-9_3 https://link.springer.com/10.1007/978-981-16-6815-9_3},
doi = {10.1007/978-981-16-6815-9_3},
isbn = {978-981-16-6815-9},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-01-01},
journal = {Japan’s International Cooperation in Education: History and Prospects},
pages = {49-72},
publisher = {Springer Singapore},
abstract = {This chapter examines the characteristics of Japan’s international education cooperation policy during and after the 1990s, a period when it evolved under the combined influences of international trends and internal affairs. After 1990, international development discourse changed from “economic development-centered” to “human-, society-, and environment-focused,” and the volume of Japan’s aid became the largest in the world. The international framework for education development was developed in association with the focus on “education for all.” At home, Japan’s Official Development Assistance (ODA) Charter was developed, laying the groundwork for emphasizing self-help efforts and hitozukuri (human resource development). The domestic system for international cooperation in the field of education was also gradually built up. In 2000, the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) were adopted at the United Nations (UN). The MDGs recognized education as a means of growth and at the same time as a major component of development. In this context, Japan’s international cooperation policy for education was formulated, beginning with a focus on basic education. In the 2010s, while Japan went through economic stagnation and the Great East Japan Earthquake, the United Nations adopted the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), which established education as the fourth goal. The international education cooperation policies prepared in 2010 and 2015 cover the entire field of education and seek to respond to requests from home and abroad by taking advantage of Japan’s experience and strengths.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inbook}
}
This chapter examines the characteristics of Japan’s international education cooperation policy during and after the 1990s, a period when it evolved under the combined influences of international trends and internal affairs. After 1990, international development discourse changed from “economic development-centered” to “human-, society-, and environment-focused,” and the volume of Japan’s aid became the largest in the world. The international framework for education development was developed in association with the focus on “education for all.” At home, Japan’s Official Development Assistance (ODA) Charter was developed, laying the groundwork for emphasizing self-help efforts and hitozukuri (human resource development). The domestic system for international cooperation in the field of education was also gradually built up. In 2000, the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) were adopted at the United Nations (UN). The MDGs recognized education as a means of growth and at the same time as a major component of development. In this context, Japan’s international cooperation policy for education was formulated, beginning with a focus on basic education. In the 2010s, while Japan went through economic stagnation and the Great East Japan Earthquake, the United Nations adopted the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), which established education as the fourth goal. The international education cooperation policies prepared in 2010 and 2015 cover the entire field of education and seek to respond to requests from home and abroad by taking advantage of Japan’s experience and strengths.
Tuy, Soklin; Lee, Han Soo; Chreng, Karodine
Offshore wind resource mapping in Cambodia: Sensitivity assessment of the weather research and forecasting model Journal Article
In: Energy Reports, vol. 8, pp. 359-364, 2022, ISSN: 2352-4847.
@article{Tuy2022,
title = {Offshore wind resource mapping in Cambodia: Sensitivity assessment of the weather research and forecasting model},
author = {Soklin Tuy and Han Soo Lee and Karodine Chreng},
url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352484722000658},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egyr.2022.01.065},
issn = {2352-4847},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-01-01},
journal = {Energy Reports},
volume = {8},
pages = {359-364},
abstract = {The objective of this paper is to assess the sensitivity of the weather research and forecasting (WRF) to three important parameters: nesting with nudging options, planetary boundary layer (PBL) options, and nudged variable options for Cambodian territory. Three tests are set up and carried out, and each of the test, intended for each parameter, is comprised of several experiments. All experiments are simulated for the same period of 15-day. Then the outputs of the WRF model are validated against measured wind data from four meteorological stations at 10 m above the ground level. The results show that the WRF is unlikely influenced by the nesting choices but more sensitive to the PBL options for wind speed simulation. In term of wind direction, the model is insensitive to any of the tested parameters. Through statistical and graphical analyses, the best experiments are found to be the two-way nesting with gridded nudging for nesting with nudging options, MYNN2.5 scheme for PBL options, and nudged wind components for nudged variable. With these optimal configurations, the model is then applied for simulations of higher vertical-level wind and for mapping the offshore wind resource in Cambodia. The offshore winds at 80 and 100 m above sea-level are found to be around 5–7 m/s over Cambodian EEZ.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
The objective of this paper is to assess the sensitivity of the weather research and forecasting (WRF) to three important parameters: nesting with nudging options, planetary boundary layer (PBL) options, and nudged variable options for Cambodian territory. Three tests are set up and carried out, and each of the test, intended for each parameter, is comprised of several experiments. All experiments are simulated for the same period of 15-day. Then the outputs of the WRF model are validated against measured wind data from four meteorological stations at 10 m above the ground level. The results show that the WRF is unlikely influenced by the nesting choices but more sensitive to the PBL options for wind speed simulation. In term of wind direction, the model is insensitive to any of the tested parameters. Through statistical and graphical analyses, the best experiments are found to be the two-way nesting with gridded nudging for nesting with nudging options, MYNN2.5 scheme for PBL options, and nudged wind components for nudged variable. With these optimal configurations, the model is then applied for simulations of higher vertical-level wind and for mapping the offshore wind resource in Cambodia. The offshore winds at 80 and 100 m above sea-level are found to be around 5–7 m/s over Cambodian EEZ.
Khai, Le Quang; Lee, Han Soo
Efficiency assessment of technologies implementation in Vietnam power transmission system Journal Article
In: Energy Reports, vol. 8, pp. 16-22, 2022, ISSN: 2352-4847.
@article{Khai2022,
title = {Efficiency assessment of technologies implementation in Vietnam power transmission system},
author = {Le Quang Khai and Han Soo Lee},
url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352484722000269},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egyr.2022.01.026},
issn = {2352-4847},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-01-01},
journal = {Energy Reports},
volume = {8},
pages = {16-22},
abstract = {Many flaws have emerged on Vietnam power transmission system, such as obsolete technology and aging components. High voltage direct current (HVDC) system, 750 kV system, Aluminum Conductor Composite Core (ACCC) conductor are determined by Vietnam government to be implemented because of their performance as well as their suitability to the existing system. Newton Raphson load flow method is utilized to analyze different scenarios, in which performance of these technologies are compared with each other to identify the most robust method to decrease real power loss in steady state working condition. As results signified, 750 kV system is the solution with highest efficiency, whereas ACCC and HVDC’s performance does not match the expectation.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Many flaws have emerged on Vietnam power transmission system, such as obsolete technology and aging components. High voltage direct current (HVDC) system, 750 kV system, Aluminum Conductor Composite Core (ACCC) conductor are determined by Vietnam government to be implemented because of their performance as well as their suitability to the existing system. Newton Raphson load flow method is utilized to analyze different scenarios, in which performance of these technologies are compared with each other to identify the most robust method to decrease real power loss in steady state working condition. As results signified, 750 kV system is the solution with highest efficiency, whereas ACCC and HVDC’s performance does not match the expectation.
Chreng, Karodine; Lee, Han Soo; Tuy, Soklin
Electricity demand prediction for sustainable development in Cambodia using recurrent neural networks with ERA5 reanalysis climate variables Journal Article
In: Energy Reports, vol. 8, pp. 76-81, 2022, ISSN: 2352-4847.
@article{Chreng2022c,
title = {Electricity demand prediction for sustainable development in Cambodia using recurrent neural networks with ERA5 reanalysis climate variables},
author = {Karodine Chreng and Han Soo Lee and Soklin Tuy},
url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352484722000257},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egyr.2022.01.025},
issn = {2352-4847},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-01-01},
journal = {Energy Reports},
volume = {8},
pages = {76-81},
abstract = {Sustainable energy development plays a prominent role in energy planning to maintain natural resources and mitigate the usage of fossil fuels. The atmospheric factor is one of the main influencing factors that changed the electricity consumption’s behavior due to global warming. In this study, the recurrent neural network (RNN) models were developed to examine the effects of 66 climate variables, collected from the European Center for Medium-Range Weather Forecast (ECMWF) ERA5 reanalysis, on power demand in Cambodia. The statistically significant climate variables were filtered by considering the cross-correlation between power demand and each climate variable. Moreover, the wide range of feedback delays was computed from the power demand dataset and was defined using the 95% confidence intervals. The comparison between a nonlinear autoregressive neural network with exogenous inputs (NARX) using historical power demand with the correlated climate variables and a nonlinear autoregressive neural network (NAR) using only historical power demand dataset was made. The various benchmarked models were evaluated and compared for their performances using statistical indices such as normalized root-mean-square error (NMSE) and coefficient of determination (R2). The results showed the NARX model could perform better than the NAR model for predicting electricity demand time-series.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Sustainable energy development plays a prominent role in energy planning to maintain natural resources and mitigate the usage of fossil fuels. The atmospheric factor is one of the main influencing factors that changed the electricity consumption’s behavior due to global warming. In this study, the recurrent neural network (RNN) models were developed to examine the effects of 66 climate variables, collected from the European Center for Medium-Range Weather Forecast (ECMWF) ERA5 reanalysis, on power demand in Cambodia. The statistically significant climate variables were filtered by considering the cross-correlation between power demand and each climate variable. Moreover, the wide range of feedback delays was computed from the power demand dataset and was defined using the 95% confidence intervals. The comparison between a nonlinear autoregressive neural network with exogenous inputs (NARX) using historical power demand with the correlated climate variables and a nonlinear autoregressive neural network (NAR) using only historical power demand dataset was made. The various benchmarked models were evaluated and compared for their performances using statistical indices such as normalized root-mean-square error (NMSE) and coefficient of determination (R2). The results showed the NARX model could perform better than the NAR model for predicting electricity demand time-series.
Vinayak, Bhanage; Lee, Han Soo; Gedam, Shirishkumar; Latha, R.
Impacts of future urbanization on urban microclimate and thermal comfort over the Mumbai metropolitan region, India Journal Article
In: Sustainable Cities and Society, vol. 79, 2022, (All Open Access, Hybrid Gold Open Access).
@article{Vinayak2022,
title = {Impacts of future urbanization on urban microclimate and thermal comfort over the Mumbai metropolitan region, India},
author = {Bhanage Vinayak and Han Soo Lee and Shirishkumar Gedam and R. Latha},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85123210381&doi=10.1016%2fj.scs.2022.103703&partnerID=40&md5=8389327e7e5b5d6b848ed93660cbe8d9},
doi = {10.1016/j.scs.2022.103703},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-01-01},
journal = {Sustainable Cities and Society},
volume = {79},
publisher = {Elsevier Ltd},
abstract = {This study examines the microclimatic impacts of future urbanization over the Mumbai Metropolitan Region (MMR) in India using a dynamic downscaling approach. Initially, two numerical experiments (curr_exp and fut_exp) were carried out by integrating 2018 and 2050 land-use/land-cover patterns under the same meteorological conditions. Afterwards, the spatial and temporal changes in surface air temperature, wind speed, and thermal discomfort were assessed by comparing the simulated results between curr_exp and fut_exp. To remediate the observed adverse microclimatic impacts of future urbanization, a mitigation strategy was designed and implemented in the third experiment (miti_exp). Simulation results show that the average maximum (minimum) surface air temperature of the region would increase by 1.41 °C (1.27 °C) due to future urbanization. However, if we adopt the mitigation strategy, this growth can be restricted to 0.69 °C (0.92 °C). In the context of thermal discomfort, an additional 20% of the total area can undergo hyperthermal treatment by 2050. This study reveals that although the implemented mitigation strategy can restrict the increasing temperature, it is ineffectual in minimizing the thermal discomfort level. The results of this study will be helpful in designing area-specific climate action plans through which goals of sustainable urban development can be accomplished.},
note = {All Open Access, Hybrid Gold Open Access},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
This study examines the microclimatic impacts of future urbanization over the Mumbai Metropolitan Region (MMR) in India using a dynamic downscaling approach. Initially, two numerical experiments (curr_exp and fut_exp) were carried out by integrating 2018 and 2050 land-use/land-cover patterns under the same meteorological conditions. Afterwards, the spatial and temporal changes in surface air temperature, wind speed, and thermal discomfort were assessed by comparing the simulated results between curr_exp and fut_exp. To remediate the observed adverse microclimatic impacts of future urbanization, a mitigation strategy was designed and implemented in the third experiment (miti_exp). Simulation results show that the average maximum (minimum) surface air temperature of the region would increase by 1.41 °C (1.27 °C) due to future urbanization. However, if we adopt the mitigation strategy, this growth can be restricted to 0.69 °C (0.92 °C). In the context of thermal discomfort, an additional 20% of the total area can undergo hyperthermal treatment by 2050. This study reveals that although the implemented mitigation strategy can restrict the increasing temperature, it is ineffectual in minimizing the thermal discomfort level. The results of this study will be helpful in designing area-specific climate action plans through which goals of sustainable urban development can be accomplished.
Yamane, Tomomi; Kaneko, Shinji
The Sustainable Development Goals as new business norms: A survey experiment on stakeholder preferences Journal Article
In: Ecological Economics, vol. 191, 2022, ISSN: 09218009.
@article{Yamane2022b,
title = {The Sustainable Development Goals as new business norms: A survey experiment on stakeholder preferences},
author = {Tomomi Yamane and Shinji Kaneko},
doi = {10.1016/j.ecolecon.2021.107236},
issn = {09218009},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-01-01},
journal = {Ecological Economics},
volume = {191},
publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},
abstract = {The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) were set by the United Nations General Assembly in 2015 to work towards a sustainable society in which economic prosperity is achieved and social and environmental concerns are met. Under the SDGs, businesses are expected to assume increasingly active roles. However, little is known about the relationship between the preferences of stakeholders and businesses' contributions to the SDGs. This study, therefore, investigates whether the SDGs can function as business norms by examining stakeholder support for sustainable practices. Specifically, the study examines preferences for companies that contribute to the SDGs and the effects of raising awareness regarding the inherent nature of the SDGs on stakeholders' preferences. To this end, we used a nationwide online survey dataset conducted in Japan (n = 6043) and employed a combination of conjoint analysis and an information treatment experiment. The results showed that implementing the SDGs increased stakeholders' preferences for companies. However, a gap existed between the stakeholders' preferred SDGs and the companies' priorities concerning the SDG implementation. The findings suggest that increasing stakeholders' awareness is effective in closing the gap.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) were set by the United Nations General Assembly in 2015 to work towards a sustainable society in which economic prosperity is achieved and social and environmental concerns are met. Under the SDGs, businesses are expected to assume increasingly active roles. However, little is known about the relationship between the preferences of stakeholders and businesses' contributions to the SDGs. This study, therefore, investigates whether the SDGs can function as business norms by examining stakeholder support for sustainable practices. Specifically, the study examines preferences for companies that contribute to the SDGs and the effects of raising awareness regarding the inherent nature of the SDGs on stakeholders' preferences. To this end, we used a nationwide online survey dataset conducted in Japan (n = 6043) and employed a combination of conjoint analysis and an information treatment experiment. The results showed that implementing the SDGs increased stakeholders' preferences for companies. However, a gap existed between the stakeholders' preferred SDGs and the companies' priorities concerning the SDG implementation. The findings suggest that increasing stakeholders' awareness is effective in closing the gap.
Dhital, Ram Prasad; Ito, Takahiro; Kaneko, Shinji; Komatsu, Satoru; Yoshida, Yuichiro
Household access to water and education for girls: The case of villages in hilly and mountainous areas of Nepal Journal Article
In: Oxford Development Studies, vol. 50, iss. 2, pp. 142-157, 2022, ISSN: 1360-0818.
@article{Dhital2022,
title = {Household access to water and education for girls: The case of villages in hilly and mountainous areas of Nepal},
author = {Ram Prasad Dhital and Takahiro Ito and Shinji Kaneko and Satoru Komatsu and Yuichiro Yoshida},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1080/13600818.2021.1965978},
doi = {10.1080/13600818.2021.1965978},
issn = {1360-0818},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-01-01},
journal = {Oxford Development Studies},
volume = {50},
issue = {2},
pages = {142-157},
publisher = {Routledge},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Hotak, Nematullah; Kaneko, Shinji
In: Economic Analysis and Policy, vol. 73, pp. 285-298, 2022, ISSN: 03135926.
@article{Hotak2022,
title = {Fiscal illusion of the stated preferences of government officials regarding interministerial policy packages: A case study on child labor in Afghanistan},
author = {Nematullah Hotak and Shinji Kaneko},
doi = {10.1016/j.eap.2021.11.019},
issn = {03135926},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-01-01},
journal = {Economic Analysis and Policy},
volume = {73},
pages = {285-298},
publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},
abstract = {Fiscal illusion refers to taxpayers’ perceptions of the gap between their burden and their expectations regarding the provision of public services. In this paper, we provide a comprehensive picture of the preferences of central government officials with respect to a hypothetical interministerial anti-child labor policy program. In our randomized conjoint analysis, the policy program consists of five attributes: (i) share of open-air classes; (ii) share of qualified teachers; (iii) provision of child allowance; (iv) female labor participation; and (v) an attribute related to the scale of budget, defined by either tax payment or share of government expenditure. The respondents were randomly assigned to two groups by assigning different fifth attributes. We compared the supporting rate for the proposed anti-child labor policy program between the two groups of 605 respondents: tax payment and share of government expenditure. Thus, our primary goal was to compare two attributes. We found that the average marginal component effects (AMCEs) between the two attributes showed completely opposite directions, suggesting that a significant fiscal illusion problem exists among central government officials working in Kabul. Moreover, women and staff in lower positions of government were found to be more biased. It should be noted that, due to insensitivity to the tax payment levels when they are set by the comparable range of scale of budget with the share of government expenditures, and our setting of the levels of two attributes on different scales, the study demonstrates a mere qualitative comparison.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Fiscal illusion refers to taxpayers’ perceptions of the gap between their burden and their expectations regarding the provision of public services. In this paper, we provide a comprehensive picture of the preferences of central government officials with respect to a hypothetical interministerial anti-child labor policy program. In our randomized conjoint analysis, the policy program consists of five attributes: (i) share of open-air classes; (ii) share of qualified teachers; (iii) provision of child allowance; (iv) female labor participation; and (v) an attribute related to the scale of budget, defined by either tax payment or share of government expenditure. The respondents were randomly assigned to two groups by assigning different fifth attributes. We compared the supporting rate for the proposed anti-child labor policy program between the two groups of 605 respondents: tax payment and share of government expenditure. Thus, our primary goal was to compare two attributes. We found that the average marginal component effects (AMCEs) between the two attributes showed completely opposite directions, suggesting that a significant fiscal illusion problem exists among central government officials working in Kabul. Moreover, women and staff in lower positions of government were found to be more biased. It should be noted that, due to insensitivity to the tax payment levels when they are set by the comparable range of scale of budget with the share of government expenditures, and our setting of the levels of two attributes on different scales, the study demonstrates a mere qualitative comparison.
Yamane, Tomomi; Kaneko, Shinji
In: Global Environmental Change, vol. 73, 2022, ISSN: 09593780.
@article{Yamane2022c,
title = {Does hostility affect public support for the provision of global public goods among competing neighboring countries? A survey experiment in Northeast Asia},
author = {Tomomi Yamane and Shinji Kaneko},
doi = {10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2021.102455},
issn = {09593780},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-01-01},
journal = {Global Environmental Change},
volume = {73},
publisher = {Elsevier Ltd},
abstract = {Cooperation beyond the borders of sovereign states and investment in global public goods (GPGs) are essential for tackling transboundary challenges, such as climate change, marine pollution, and health security. However, little is known about how regional tension or isolationism might affect cooperation with neighboring countries on transboundary issues. Thus, in this study, using a conjoint experiment of representative samples from members of the public in Japan, China, and South Korea, we investigated: 1) public support for GPGs using the case of trilateral cooperation for the establishment of common global funds among Japan, China, and South Korea; and 2) the extent to which hostility toward neighboring countries affects such public support. The results showed that Chinese people had lower hostility toward neighboring countries and higher public support. Both Japanese and South Koreans had higher hostility. Meanwhile, public support was lower in Japan but moderate in South Korea. These results suggest that hostility toward neighboring countries affects public support for GPGs. The stronger the hostility toward neighboring countries is, the lower the public support for international cooperation becomes. However, the mechanisms of these effects are complex. Generally, hostility toward a government has more negative effects than hostility toward people of the same country. Furthermore, the present study provides important insights based on the findings that Chinese strongly supported building GPGs with neighboring countries, and people in all three countries somewhat supported equal sharing of the financial burden. However, authorization mechanisms for GPGs are essential, because citizens most supported GPGs managed by their home country. Thus, adopting authorization mechanisms to mutually manage funds is essential for widening public support for GPGs.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Cooperation beyond the borders of sovereign states and investment in global public goods (GPGs) are essential for tackling transboundary challenges, such as climate change, marine pollution, and health security. However, little is known about how regional tension or isolationism might affect cooperation with neighboring countries on transboundary issues. Thus, in this study, using a conjoint experiment of representative samples from members of the public in Japan, China, and South Korea, we investigated: 1) public support for GPGs using the case of trilateral cooperation for the establishment of common global funds among Japan, China, and South Korea; and 2) the extent to which hostility toward neighboring countries affects such public support. The results showed that Chinese people had lower hostility toward neighboring countries and higher public support. Both Japanese and South Koreans had higher hostility. Meanwhile, public support was lower in Japan but moderate in South Korea. These results suggest that hostility toward neighboring countries affects public support for GPGs. The stronger the hostility toward neighboring countries is, the lower the public support for international cooperation becomes. However, the mechanisms of these effects are complex. Generally, hostility toward a government has more negative effects than hostility toward people of the same country. Furthermore, the present study provides important insights based on the findings that Chinese strongly supported building GPGs with neighboring countries, and people in all three countries somewhat supported equal sharing of the financial burden. However, authorization mechanisms for GPGs are essential, because citizens most supported GPGs managed by their home country. Thus, adopting authorization mechanisms to mutually manage funds is essential for widening public support for GPGs.
Caro-Burnett, Johann; Kaneko, Shinji
Is Society Ready for AI Ethical Decision Making? Lessons from a Study on Autonomous Cars Journal Article
In: Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics, vol. 98, 2022, ISSN: 22148051.
@article{nokey,
title = {Is Society Ready for AI Ethical Decision Making? Lessons from a Study on Autonomous Cars},
author = {Johann Caro-Burnett and Shinji Kaneko},
doi = {10.1016/j.socec.2022.101881},
issn = {22148051},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics},
volume = {98},
publisher = {Elsevier Inc.},
abstract = {We conduct two separate experiments to study the social acceptance of AI ethical decision making. In the first experiment, we test whether there is an “unfounded” fear of technology. We contrast two methods to measure this fear: an indirect method that measures preferences implicitly and a direct method that measures preferences explicitly. Direct questions show that humans have an aversion to AI; however, indirect questions show that humans are not averse to the implementation of new technologies. We provide a theory to identify the cause of this discrepancy: in addition to their own preferences, subjects largely weight social preferences in direct questions. In the second experiment, we study how humans react to different ways of introducing this new technology to society and find that part of the fear of AI may be related to trust in one's government. Our results show that although individuals do not have a bias against AI, its explicit discussion may generate antagonism.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
We conduct two separate experiments to study the social acceptance of AI ethical decision making. In the first experiment, we test whether there is an “unfounded” fear of technology. We contrast two methods to measure this fear: an indirect method that measures preferences implicitly and a direct method that measures preferences explicitly. Direct questions show that humans have an aversion to AI; however, indirect questions show that humans are not averse to the implementation of new technologies. We provide a theory to identify the cause of this discrepancy: in addition to their own preferences, subjects largely weight social preferences in direct questions. In the second experiment, we study how humans react to different ways of introducing this new technology to society and find that part of the fear of AI may be related to trust in one's government. Our results show that although individuals do not have a bias against AI, its explicit discussion may generate antagonism.
Hussainzada, Wahidullah; Lee, Han Soo
In: Scientific Reports, vol. 12, iss. 1, pp. 5186, 2022, ISSN: 2045-2322.
@article{Hussainzada2022b,
title = {Effect of an improved agricultural irrigation scheme with a hydraulic structure for crop cultivation in arid northern Afghanistan using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT)},
author = {Wahidullah Hussainzada and Han Soo Lee},
doi = {10.1038/s41598-022-09318-2},
issn = {2045-2322},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-01-01},
journal = {Scientific Reports},
volume = {12},
issue = {1},
pages = {5186},
abstract = {<p>The current study focuses on water scarcity, water shortages, and inequal water allocation for downstream water users in the Balkhab River basin (BRB) in northern Afghanistan. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) was utilized to determine the hydrological process in the watershed and assess the water resource capacity. The model was calibrated and validated to ensure proper model setup for the entire watershed. The analysis of the current water management and allocation scheme indicated inadequate water distributions for the downstream irrigation canals. The current water allocation approach was modified based on crop water requirements and the available agricultural lands. A new irrigation scheme was proposed and included in the SWAT model that does not decrease upstream water allocation. The annual streamflow in the Balkhab River can supply the extra allocated water downstream without influencing the upstream water. Notably, a dam was proposed in the middle stream to store water during the winter and early spring seasons, as well as floodwater. The model outcomes showed that the existing annual streamflow in the river can fully support the irrigation of currently available land and an extra 18,470.6 ha of agricultural lands in the BRB. The results of this study can contribute to scientific evidence-based policy and decision-making processes for sustainable agricultural water resource management and flood control in the study region.</p>},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
<p>The current study focuses on water scarcity, water shortages, and inequal water allocation for downstream water users in the Balkhab River basin (BRB) in northern Afghanistan. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) was utilized to determine the hydrological process in the watershed and assess the water resource capacity. The model was calibrated and validated to ensure proper model setup for the entire watershed. The analysis of the current water management and allocation scheme indicated inadequate water distributions for the downstream irrigation canals. The current water allocation approach was modified based on crop water requirements and the available agricultural lands. A new irrigation scheme was proposed and included in the SWAT model that does not decrease upstream water allocation. The annual streamflow in the Balkhab River can supply the extra allocated water downstream without influencing the upstream water. Notably, a dam was proposed in the middle stream to store water during the winter and early spring seasons, as well as floodwater. The model outcomes showed that the existing annual streamflow in the river can fully support the irrigation of currently available land and an extra 18,470.6 ha of agricultural lands in the BRB. The results of this study can contribute to scientific evidence-based policy and decision-making processes for sustainable agricultural water resource management and flood control in the study region.</p>
Tuy, Soklin; Lee, Han Soo; Chreng, Karodine
In: Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 163, pp. 112501, 2022, ISSN: 13640321.
@article{Tuy2022b,
title = {Integrated assessment of offshore wind power potential using Weather Research and Forecast (WRF) downscaling with Sentinel-1 satellite imagery, optimal sites, annual energy production and equivalent CO2 reduction},
author = {Soklin Tuy and Han Soo Lee and Karodine Chreng},
doi = {10.1016/j.rser.2022.112501},
issn = {13640321},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-01-01},
journal = {Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews},
volume = {163},
pages = {112501},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
2021
Anh, L Hoang; Quan, N Van; Nghia, L Tuan; Xuan, T Dang
Phenolic allelochemicals: Achievements, limitations, and prospective approaches in weed management Journal Article
In: Weed Biology and Management, vol. 21, iss. 2, pp. 37-67, 2021.
@article{nokey,
title = {Phenolic allelochemicals: Achievements, limitations, and prospective approaches in weed management},
author = {L Hoang Anh and N Van Quan and L Tuan Nghia and T Dang Xuan},
url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85107823696&doi=10.1111%2Fwbm.12230&partnerID=40&md5=caf12da0a9a74cf1e5784fa98b39759c},
doi = {10.1111/wbm.12230},
year = {2021},
date = {2021-01-01},
urldate = {2021-01-01},
journal = {Weed Biology and Management},
volume = {21},
issue = {2},
pages = {37-67},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}